Roland l



(No Model.)

R. L. BREWER.

BRBECHLOADING FIRE ARM.

Patented June l2 mmllfliwl.,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 279,324, dated June 1.2', 1883.

Application Iiled .April 2, 1893.

To a/Z/ whom l' '1n/ary conne/'11,.

lieI it' known that l, ROLAND L. BREwEn, ol' Hartford, in the county ot' l'lairtt'ord and State of Coluieet'ieait.y have invented anew lmprovement in Magazine l `ireArms; and l do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the aeeompauying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon,

to be a t'ull, olear, and exact description ot' the 1o same, and which said drawings constitute part ot' this speeitication, Iand represent, iu-

Figure 1, a longitudinal sectional side view,

the parts in the closed or normal portion; Fig.

2, the same with the parts in the open or chargingl position; Fig. 3, atrausverseseetionon line .r r, looking to the rear; Figs. 4, 5, and ti, det'aehed views at the iorward end ot't he barrel, illustrating the method ol' securing.;A the magazine.

This invention relates to au improvement in magazine lire-arms. with speeial rct'erenee to that class in which a hreeeh-pieee is arranged to move longitudinally toward and from the open rear end ot' the barrel and in axial line therewith, operated by a lever below, and in which a carrier lor the trauster ot' eartridges t'roin the magazine to a position iu rear ot" the barrel and forward ot' the open breech-piece is hung or hinged at the rear.` so as to vibrate 3 up and down ou that hinge as its eeuterot' motion.

1n the usual Construction ot' this elass ot' arms either the carrier itself serves a alateh or holder to retain the eolumnot' eart ridges in the magazine while it (the carrier) is rising to transfer the cartridge which has passed from the magazine onto it to a position in line with the barrel7 or, as in otlie'r eases, a latch has been provided, which has been actuated by the ear- 40 lier. Frein such arrangement a serions diffieulty has been experienced, arising from the t'aet that when a cartridge has been partially forced into the barrel bythe forward movement of the breeelipiece the carrier descends to receive a second cartridge from the maga zine, and if, as it frequently happens. before the previous cartridge has been ful ly forced to its place in the barrel the breech-piece be withdrawn, another cartridge has passed onto 5o the carrier, and in the ascent ot' the breechpiece this ascending eartridge will strike the (No model.)

head end ofthe lu'evious eartridge and eholt'e or clog the arm, requiring peeuliar manipulation to remove the obstruction.

The object ot'the iirst part ol' my invention is principally to overcome this dit'tieulty. and it consists in a dogl arranged iu the reeeiver in rear ot' and substantially below the magazine and in the path ol' the operating-lever iu the el osi ng movement ot' the breech-pieee.\\'hereby said operatinglever will depress said dog' and, release the eolumu ot' cartridges in the maga zine, and so soon as the movement ot' the lever to open the ln'etu'h-pimfe begins said dog' will rise to a position to block the eartridg'es in the magazine and independent ol' the earA rier; and the invention alsoeonsists in details of construction. as more t'ully hereinafter described.

A represents the receiver: l, the barrel; the magazine in the usual relation to eaeh` other; l)` the breeeh-pieee, arranged to move toward and from the rear open end ot'the barrel, and in axial liuetherewith; lil. thetriggcrguard lever. hungnpon a pivot` u, the upper arm, F. ot' said lever in eonma'tiou with the breeeli-pieee. whereby the downward and forward movemeutol.' said lever l imparts area r and opening movement to the breeeh-pieee.` and 'viee versa, in substantiallyl the usual manner l'or this class ot arms.

(i is the carrier, hung upon a pivot, l, atthe rear, aud so as to swing up from. the position seen in Fig. l to the position seen in Fig. 2, whereby a Cartridge which has passed onto the carrier, as seenin broken lines, Fig. l. istranst'erred to a position between the l'ront tace of the breech-piece and the open end ot' the barrel` and so that when the breech-piece is closed it will force the said cartridge forward trom thc carrierintpthebarrel, alsointheusual manner. lhen the breech -pieee is in its elosed position a downwardlyproieeting lug, d, stands in rear of the head ot' the rear eartridge, ll, in the magazine, as seen in Fig. 1. When the parts are in this condition the carrier-'stands in its down position, ready to reeeivcthe said eartridge H, and as the breech-pieee eonnnenees its rear movement the cartridge lfI l'ollows against the lug d until it arrives to its posi tion on the Carrier, as indicated in broken lines. Fig. 1. The t'ront thee ot' the lug d is IOO in rear ot' the t'ront t'aee ot the ln'eeeh-pieee equal to about the thiekness ot' the tlang'e otthe Cartridge.

ln the reeeiven and substantially below the magazine, the dog` L is hung' upon a pivot. e. at the rear, its t'ront end or nose being' free to rise or t'all, as t'roin the position in Fig'. l7 to that in Fig'. 2, and return. A spring'. f, is provided, the tendeney ot' whieh is to lift and hold the dog' in its up position, as seen in Fig'. 2, but yielding' t'or the deseent ot' the dog'- as seen in Fig'. l.

ln theelosing movement ol' t he t rigger-guard lever its upper arm. F, striliesthe dog' ll-sa'v as at ltand l'oi'ees the dog' downto bring' its nose below the line ot` the magazine, as seen in Fig'. l, so that when the partsai'e intl'ieirelosed position the dog' has no et'teet or eontrol upon the earil'idg'e in the lnag'azine. The earrier has a longitudinali slot, i, (see Fig'. Il, )in whieh the dog' ll is t'reetoinove up and down. lNhen the parts are in tlleir closed position, as seen in Fig'. l. the head ot' the rearnlost eartridge stands' over the t'orward end ot'the dog' ll and. against the lug' d. 'lhen when the leveieisturned to open the hreeeh-pieee the arm F leavesthe dog' free to rise against the eartridg'e. whieh follows the lug rl onto the earrier. \\'hen the eartridge has passed onto the carrier so as to bring' its l'or Yard or smaller diameter over the nose ofthe dog', then the dog` rises and comes into a position in rear ot' the next eartridg'e, and so that that next eartridg'e will abut ag'ainst the end ol' the dog. as seen in Fig'. 2, and in broken lilies, Fig'. l. and this bhieking o1' the rolunin ot' eartridges next in advanee ot' t hat eartridg'ewhich is passing onto the ear 1'ie1','will oeeur liet'ore theeai'rier begins its ascent. and thus theeolulnn is hloekedindependent ol' the carrier. The earrier is raused to rise by a shoulder. l, eenling' against a eorrespending shoulder, m, on the earrier7 as seen in Fig'. L. and this ascent ofthe carrier begins as soon as the brt'feeh-pieee has passed so far to the rear that the cartridge may pass up forward ol' the front fare ot' the breeelrpieeethat is to say, the earrier rises during the last bart ot' the openinf.,lv movement of the breechpieee. As the breeeh-pieee moves forward in the closing' movement, its front inclined end, n, strikes an inclined shoulder, u, on the earrier, and thereby t'orees the carrier downward. The under side ofthe breech-piece passes over the part ofthe earrier lorward ol' the shoulder 'u and holds the Carrier in its down position7 seen in Fig'. 1. This downward movement ot'Y the earrier oeeurs during' the last part of the movement ot' the lever in closing' and locking' the ln'eeeh-pieee. This eonstruetion and arrangement oi' the dog' independent ot' the earA rier, and operated by the arm F of the lever during the last part ot' its closing' movement, prevents the possibility ot a cartridge passing' onto the Carrier, or in any way moving from its place in the magazine until the operative parts ofthe arm shall have been brought to their completely-closed or normal position.

The ol'rjeet ot' making the t'ront l'aee ot' the lug' l in rear of the front :t'aee of the ln'eeehpiece is that when the dog' is depressed in the closing' movement of the parts, the head ofthe reaa'most iartridg'e in the magazine may pass to the rear over the dog' so far as to prevent the dog' rising when the opening' movement eoinmenees, and thereby intertering with the movement ol' the eartridg'e onto the earrier.

lt is often desirable to use a niagazinearin as :L hreeeh-loader indeln'ndent olthe niagazine, o1' for the purpose ot' reserving the eartridg'es in the magazine. lforthispnrpose the earrier must he ont ot' the way, and so as not to interfere with the insertiini ofthe eartril'lge through the upper opening' in the reee'iver direetly into the eliaxnher. To insure the proper position ot' theI earrier tor sueh single or Vlreeeh-loading' purposes, ,l arrange a spring patwl. o, at the rear oli' the earrier. and provide the earrier with notehes r and s, these notehesl being' arranged relatively to the nose ot' the pawl, sothat when theearrieris in its extreme up position the nose will engage the lorward notehps, and thereby hold the earrier in its` up position while the hreeeh-pieeeis moving' t'or ward to foree the cartridge from the eari'ier into ehamber in the barrel, the spring ot' the dog' yielding' tor the deseent ot' the eal'rier. The seeond 1ioteli,r,isin rear ot' the noteh s. andin a position so that when the earrier is partiallyV raised, and in a posit-ion to serve as a guide t'or the cartridge to the chamber. the dog' o will engage the noteh r, as indieated in broken lines, Fig'. 2, and there hold the earrer t'or sneh charging'. lt will he understood that this engagement with the noteh r is inade in the opening movement ot' the l'neeeli-pieee. and before the earrier has been i'nlly raised, the pawl o oitering' a sutiieient i'esistanee to indieate when that position is attained.

The peculiar eonstruetion of t'he earrier and its mode ot' operation in eonneetion with. the breeeh-pieee are substantially that found in the patent g'rant ed to Andrew liurgess, December 1880, No. 235,204. l use this arm for illustration as a matter o1' eonvenienee; but it will be understood that the dog' Il is operated by the lever through which a reeiproeating' movement is imparted to the breeeh-pieee, and the np-anddown movement to the Carrier may be applied to other magazine-arms in which a similar breech-pieee is employed in combination with a carrier moving up and down to transfer the eartridg'es. l therefore do not wish to be understood limiting the use ofthe dog L to the particular arrangement ot' the mechanism ot' the arm described.

The second part of my invention relates to an improvement in the attachment ofthe magaA zine to the arm, the objeet being' to make the attachment sueh thatthe magazine may he readily secured or removed and it consists in a groove out in the under side of the barrel in the segment of a cirele, on a radius considerably shorter than the length of the magazine, and of dovetail or equivalent sl1ape,eombined with a stud fitting into said groove, and a reeess in the forward end of the magazine eorresponding to and so as to set upon said stud, with a screw or equivalent deviees to secure the end of the magazine to seid stud, the segment shape ot' the groove serving to hold the stud. in plaee and prevent transverse movement ofthe stud when the nuignzine is at tnehed, as more t'ully hereinafter described. Upon. the under side, near the iorward end ol' the barrel, `lY eut :i groove, l. in :i horizontal plane parallel with the ,horizontnl plaine ot" the barrel, nud segmentshaped, the radius ot' the segment shortwsny as seen in Fig. 4. This groove I undercut in dovetail or equivalent shape, as seen in Fig. 5. Into this groove l tit a st nd, li, having a buse T-shnped, eorresponding to said groove 'l and sothat the stud may be passed into said groove from one side until it arrives at :i eentral position, as seen in Fig. (i. This stud stands at the point where the forward end ot' the magazine (l isto eome, and the stud is narrower than the diameter ot' the magazine, as seeninFig. ti. 'lhelorward end ot' the magazine (fl has :L not eh eut into it, eorresponding to said stud, as seen in Figs. ."i and (i. \Vhen thestud hns been set, to its platee in the groove P the nnignzine is introduced, its rear end set into its plnee. as at L', Fig. l, then its forward end i'oreed onto the stud, as seen in Fig. 5, und through that end of the magazine :t serew or other suitable securing device, \V, is .introdueed, whieh secures that end ot' the magazine to the stud. \\"l1e11thus in place the stud is prevented from transverse movement, because in sneh transverse movement the magazine must turn npon its seat ll as its eenter ot' motion, and that eenter is so fm' distant from the eenter t'rom whieh the groove l is ent' that any tendency to turn the forward end ot'themagazine to the' right or left will be resisted by the shorter are or eirele of the groove l, and thus the magazine will serve to hold the stud in its place in the groove. This eonstruetiou or method oiseeuring the stud avoids the interlocking devices between the stud and the barrel heretofore necessary.

I Claiml. ]n u nrngazine iire-ar1n, the eombinntion ot'a breech-piece, earrier, and lever for operating the same, with the dogI arranged in reni' oi' the nmgazine, independent ot' the carrier, depressed in the closing movement ot' the lever to release the eolnmn ot' eart ridges, and lel't t'ree to rise in the beginning of the openingl movement ot' said lever` suhstantiall)r :is deseribed.

ln :i nnrgazine lil-warm. the combination olfa l1ngitudinzilly-inoving breeelrpieee, :i earrier hinged :1t the rear, and so that its forward end moves up and down, a lever hung below the breeelrpieee and in eonneetion with sziid breeeh-pim'e, and wherebyv said breeehpiet-e and earrier nre operated, with n dog, L, hung in the reeeiver in rem' ot' the magazine. below the earrier, but independent ofthe earrier. the arm F ot' the said lever arranged to depress the said dog in the last part' of its elosingl movement, and to release the said dog; in the til-st part ot` its opening movement, sulr stnntiallv :ls deseribed.

ln a magazine tire-arm. the eombinution ot' a longitudinallv-movable breeeli-pieee, a earl-ier hung at the rear beneath said breeeh pieee, und :i stop, substantially sneh as de soribed, independent o1' the brtaelrpieee and operating-lever, to engage and snpport said earrier midwnwY between its up and down positions, subst:lntial.l as :1nd t'or the purpose deseribed.

l. ln :l magazine 'tire-arm, the combination ol- :t longitudinallvmovable breeeh-pieee, a earrier hungl at the rear beneath said breeelr pieve, and eonstrueted with notehes r s on its hul. and the pawl o. subst initially as described.

5. [n n magazine tire-arm. the barrel eonstrneted with the segmentshaped groove l near its forward end, eomhined with the stud t. eonstrueted with n base. T. roi-responding to said groove in the barrel, and the magazine eonstrueted :1t its forward end for engagement with said stud. substantially as deseribed.

ROLAND L. BIHNV'ER.

`\\'itnessec:

W. F. \V nis'rine HORACE LORD. 

